{"id":346,"date":"2025-03-18T18:50:02","date_gmt":"2025-03-18T15:50:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/tr\/?page_id=346"},"modified":"2025-03-18T18:50:05","modified_gmt":"2025-03-18T15:50:05","slug":"amazonda-yurtdisina-satis-yapmak","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/tr\/amazonda-yurtdisina-satis-yapmak\/","title":{"rendered":"Amazon\u2019da yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na sat\u0131\u015f yapmak"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Amazon Avrupa'da sat\u0131\u015f yapmak i\u00e7in gerekenler<\/h2><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"343\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/amazon-600x343-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/amazon-600x343-1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/amazon-600x343-1-300x172.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Amazon'da <em>yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na<\/em> sat\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in bir ma\u011faza kaydetmeden \u00f6nce \u015funlar\u0131 yapmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z:<\/h3><p>&#8211; \u00fcr\u00fcnle ilgili karar vermek, hangi i\u015f modeliyle ticaret yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 belirlemek;<\/p><p>&#8211; hangi \u00fclkelere sat\u0131lacak (ana pazar neresi, ayn\u0131 Amazon platformunda kaydolmak i\u00e7in);<\/p><p>&#8211; nerede \u00fcr\u00fcn sat\u0131n alacaks\u0131n\u0131z (T\u00fcrk \u00fcr\u00fcnleri satacaks\u0131n\u0131z, \u00c7in'den ithal edeceksiniz veya \u00f6rne\u011fin Almanya'da, AB'de \u00fcretilen \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, \u00f6rne\u011fin Bulgaristan'da, yeniden satacaks\u0131n\u0131z);<\/p><p>&#8211; nerede saklayacaks\u0131n\u0131z, m\u00fc\u015fterilere nas\u0131l teslim edeceksiniz (FBA &#8211; Amazon depolar\u0131ndan teslimat veya FBM &#8211; sipari\u015fleri kendiniz yerine getireceksiniz, \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye'de veya Avrupa'daki bir depoda saklayacaks\u0131n\u0131z);<\/p><p>&#8211; Hangi ticaret hacimlerini planl\u0131yorsunuz.<\/p><p>Bu duruma ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, \u015firket i\u00e7in bir yarg\u0131 yetkisi se\u00e7ersiniz (gerekirse) ve se\u00e7ti\u011finiz platformda, \u00f6rne\u011fin Almanya'daki Amazon.DE'de kaydolursunuz. Bunun nas\u0131l yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde <a href=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/tr\">&#8220;Amazon'da Ticaret&#8221; Kursu<\/a>m\u0131zda anlat\u0131yoruz. <\/p><p>Bu makalede, Amazon'da T\u00fcrkiye'den Avrupa'ya sat\u0131\u015f yapmak isteyenler i\u00e7in \u00f6zellikle Amazon'da <em>yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na<\/em> sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerini inceleyece\u011fiz. Vergi dan\u0131\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve muhasebecinizin i\u015fini \u00fcstlenmiyoruz; Avrupa'da Amazon'da ticaretin \u00f6zelliklerini anlamak sizin i\u00e7in \u00e7ok zor olacakt\u0131r. Ancak onlarla ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce, yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Amazon'da sat\u0131\u015f yaparken kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z durumlar\u0131 anlayabileceksiniz.<\/p><p>Bu t\u00fcr bir eylem s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 inceleyelim:<\/p><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Se\u00e7ilen b\u00f6lgesel platformda Amazon sat\u0131c\u0131 hesab\u0131 kayd\u0131.<\/li>\n\n<li>AB'de KDV \u00f6demesi amac\u0131yla kay\u0131t.<\/li>\n\n<li>\u0130thalat\u00e7\u0131 kayd\u0131 (e\u011fer \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc kendiniz ithal ediyorsan\u0131z).<\/li>\n\n<li>AB'nin \u00fcr\u00fcnlere y\u00f6nelik gereksinimleri (\u00e7ok fazla, ABD'den farkl\u0131 olarak).<\/li>\n\n<li>K\u0131sa \u00f6zet.<\/li><\/ol><p><\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Amazon'a Kay\u0131t<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/1.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00d6ncelikle hesap t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc se\u00e7in<\/h4><p><strong><br>Bireysel<\/strong> \u2014 az say\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnle (ayda 40 sat\u0131\u015fa kadar) pazar testleri i\u00e7in uygundur. Daha fazlas\u0131 olursa, her sat\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in ek \u00fccret nedeniyle k\u00e2rl\u0131 hale gelmez. <strong>Bireysel<\/strong>, bir\u00e7ok \u00f6zelli\u011fe (reklam, raporlar, API) eri\u015fim sa\u011flamaz, bu nedenle ciddi bir i\u015f i\u00e7in uygun de\u011fildir. Bununla \u00f6\u011frenim yap\u0131labilir. <br><strong>Profesyonel<\/strong> \u2014 ciddi bir i\u015f i\u00e7in zorunludur, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc t\u00fcm \u00f6zelliklere ve ara\u00e7lara eri\u015fim sa\u011flar.<\/p><p><\/p><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sat\u0131c\u0131 hesab\u0131 olu\u015fturma<\/h4><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/11\/m001.jpg\" alt=\"\" style=\"object-fit:cover\"\/><\/figure><\/div><p><br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#8211; \u015eirket\/i\u015fletme hakk\u0131nda temel bilgilerin sa\u011flanmas\u0131.<br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#8211; Tarife plan\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7ilmesi (Professional veya Individual).<br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#8211; Banka hesap bilgileri sa\u011flanmas\u0131.<br> &#8211; <strong>Belgelerin sa\u011flanmas\u0131:<\/strong><br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#8211; <strong>\u015eirket i\u00e7in:<\/strong> Kurulu\u015f belgeleri, ticaret sicilinden al\u0131nan belge, vergi kayd\u0131 onay\u0131 (varsa VAT numaras\u0131 dahil).<br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#8211; <strong>Giri\u015fimci i\u00e7in:<\/strong> Kay\u0131t belgesi, vergi kayd\u0131 onay\u0131.<br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#8211; Yetkili ki\u015finin kimli\u011fini do\u011frulayan belge.<br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#8211; \u015eirketin\/giri\u015fimcinin adresinin onaylanmas\u0131.<br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#8211; <strong>\u00d6nemli:<\/strong> Amazon <em>VAT<\/em> (KDV) numaras\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131n\u0131 <em>gerektirir<\/em> Professional sat\u0131c\u0131 hesab\u0131 kayd\u0131 i\u00e7in. Hen\u00fcz KDV \u00f6demekle <em>zorunlu<\/em> olmasan\u0131z bile (\u00f6rne\u011fin, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck cirolar nedeniyle), Amazon VAT numaras\u0131n\u0131 talep edebilir. Ve maalesef, istedi\u011finiz belgeleri sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z s\u00fcrece hesab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 (ve varsa i\u00e7indeki paray\u0131) bloke edecektir. Vergi yasalar\u0131na uydu\u011funuzla ilgili arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131z dikkate al\u0131nmayacak, Amazon KYC (M\u00fc\u015fterinizi Tan\u0131y\u0131n) i\u00e7 prosed\u00fcrlerine at\u0131fta bulunacakt\u0131r.<\/p><p>\u00d6zel bir ki\u015fi olarak sat\u0131c\u0131 hesab\u0131 a\u00e7mak &#8211; AB d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki birinin VAT numaras\u0131 sa\u011flama gereklili\u011fi nedeniyle pek olas\u0131 de\u011fildir, bu da bir d\u0131\u015f ki\u015finin bunu almas\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i k\u0131lmaz.<\/p><p>Amazonda T\u00fcrkiye'den yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na sat\u0131\u015f yapmak istiyorsan\u0131z, muhtemelen <em>yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda<\/em> bir \u015firket kurman\u0131z gerekecek. Bu, paray\u0131 daha kolay alman\u0131z\u0131 ve yerel yasalara uyman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p><h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Belgelerin Haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131<\/h5><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/11\/m002.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><p><br>\u015eirket belgelerinin \u0130ngilizce versiyonuna sahip olmak, hesap a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in gereklidir. Bu, Amazon'un herhangi bir b\u00f6lgesel platformu i\u00e7in evrensel bir se\u00e7enektir. Anla\u015f\u0131lan o ki, e\u011fer Amazon.DE'de Alman bir firma i\u00e7in hesap a\u00e7\u0131yorsan\u0131z, \u0130ngilizce'ye \u00e7evirmenize gerek yoktur. Ancak, e\u011fer T\u00fcrk veya Bulgar bir \u015firketiniz varsa, belgelerin Almanca versiyonu gerekecektir ya da Amazon \u0130ngilizce belge setini kabul etmeyi kabul edecektir.<br>Banka hesap onay\u0131 \u2014 hesap bulundu\u011funu ve \u015firket bilgileriyle uyumlu oldu\u011funu do\u011frulayan bir banka ekstresi gerekebilir ve bu da \u0130ngilizce olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p><p>Do\u011frulama s\u00fcreci \u2014 Amazon'un ek belgeler veya bilgiler talep edebilece\u011fine haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olun. Bu biraz zaman alabilir. Daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/tr\/\">Amazon Ticaret Kursumuza<\/a> bak\u0131n.<\/p><p>T\u00fcrk giri\u015fimcileri Avrupa'da Amazon'da nas\u0131l sat\u0131\u015f yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcklerinde, muhtemelen Avrupa pazar\u0131nda \u00fcr\u00fcn sergilemek i\u00e7in uymalar\u0131 gereken bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 AB Direktifi oldu\u011funu hayal edemezler. \u00dcr\u00fcnleri zaten Avrupa Birli\u011fi'nde bulunan bir toptanc\u0131dan sat\u0131n almak \u00e7ok daha kolayd\u0131r, bu da sat\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 bir\u00e7ok belgeden kurtar\u0131r. Ancak e\u011fer \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc kendiniz Avrupa'ya ithal ediyorsan\u0131z, gereksinimleri \u00f6\u011frenmeye dalman\u0131z gerekecek. Daha s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 k\u0131sma ge\u00e7iyoruz &#8211; vergiler ve sat\u0131c\u0131lara y\u00f6nelik yasal gereklilikler.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/2.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vergi kayd\u0131 (VAT)<\/h3><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/oss-610x304-1.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><\/div><p>Amazonda T\u00fcrkiye'den yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na sat\u0131\u015f yapmak isteyenler i\u00e7in, uzaktan sat\u0131\u015flar (AB'de internet ticareti olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r) i\u00e7in zorunlu KDV kayd\u0131 e\u015fi\u011fi 10.000 euro olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu, Avrupa Birli\u011fi'nde OSS (One-Stop Shop) sistemi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ge\u00e7erlidir. Bu <strong>y\u0131ll\u0131k<\/strong> e\u015fiktir. Takvim y\u0131l\u0131 (1 Ocak'tan 31 Aral\u0131k'a kadar) \u00fczerinden hesaplan\u0131r.<\/p><p><strong>\u00d6nemli:<\/strong>&nbsp;Bu e\u015fik, B2C (i\u015fletmeden t\u00fcketiciye) toplam sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131na&nbsp;<em>t\u00fcm<\/em>&nbsp;AB \u00fclkelerinde, her bir \u00fclkeye ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 sat\u0131\u015flara de\u011fil, ili\u015fkindir.<\/p><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r:<\/strong><\/h4><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>E\u015fik de\u011ferine ula\u015fmadan \u00f6nce:<\/strong>&nbsp;E\u011fer toplam \u00fcr\u00fcn ve\/veya hizmet sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n son t\u00fcketicilere (B2C) di\u011fer AB \u00fclkelerine&nbsp;<em>a\u015fm\u0131yorsa<\/em>&nbsp;y\u0131lda 10 000 euro, \u015funlar\u0131 yapabilirsiniz: \u00dclkenizin oran\u0131nda KDV \u00f6demek (e\u011fer AB'de iseniz).<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>E\u015fik a\u015f\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra:<\/strong>&nbsp;B2C toplam sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z di\u011fer AB \u00fclkelerine&nbsp;<em>a\u015farsa<\/em>&nbsp;10 000 euro takvim y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7inde, siz&nbsp;<em>OSS'ye<\/em>&nbsp;AB \u00fclkelerinden birinde kay\u0131t olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Bu andan itibaren, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinizi satt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00fclkelerin&nbsp;<em>katk\u0131 pay\u0131<\/em>&nbsp;oranlar\u0131na g\u00f6re KDV tahakkuk ettirip \u00f6demelisiniz.<\/li><\/ol><p>Ancak: E\u011fer FBA depolar\u0131nda farkl\u0131 AB \u00fclkelerinde \u00fcr\u00fcn bulunduruyorsan\u0131z, <em>zorundas\u0131n\u0131z<\/em> bu \u00fclkelerin <em>her birinde<\/em> KDV i\u00e7in kay\u0131t yapt\u0131rmaya (cirodan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak).<\/p><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00d6rnek \u21161. Amazon Almanya'da sat\u0131\u015f yapmak<\/h4><p>Almanya'dan Amazon'da sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p><p>Y\u0131l\u0131n ilk 6 ay\u0131nda, di\u011fer AB \u00fclkelerine toplam 8.000 euro de\u011ferinde \u00fcr\u00fcn satt\u0131n\u0131z. Hen\u00fcz OSS'te kay\u0131t olma zorunlulu\u011funuz yok.<\/p><p>Temmuz ay\u0131nda 3.000 euro de\u011ferinde daha \u00fcr\u00fcn satt\u0131n\u0131z. Y\u0131ll\u0131k toplam sat\u0131\u015f hacminiz 10.000 euroyu a\u015ft\u0131 (8.000 + 3.000 = 11.000 euro).<\/p><p>Bu andan itibaren (Temmuz sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren) OSS'ye kaydolmak ve sat\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00fclkelerin KDV oranlar\u0131na g\u00f6re KDV tahakkuk ettirmek zorundas\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00d6rnek \u21162. Amazon Almanya'da sat\u0131\u015f yapmak. T\u00fcrkiye'den bir \u015firket.<\/h4><p><strong>Girdi verileri:<\/strong><\/p><p>Siz T\u00fcrkiye'de (AB'de de\u011fil) Amazon'da sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p><p>Fiziksel ki\u015filere (B2C) farkl\u0131 AB \u00fclkelerinde \u00fcr\u00fcn sat\u0131yorsunuz.<\/p><p>Amazon'un AB'deki depolar\u0131nda \u00fcr\u00fcn bulundurmuyorsunuz (AB'de FBA kullanm\u0131yorsunuz). \u00dcr\u00fcnleriniz do\u011frudan T\u00fcrkiye'den g\u00f6nderilmektedir.<\/p><p><strong>Durum:<\/strong><\/p><p>Y\u0131l\u0131n ilk 6 ay\u0131nda, AB \u00fclkelerine toplam 8.000 euro de\u011ferinde \u00fcr\u00fcn satt\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p><p>Temmuz ay\u0131nda 3.000 euro de\u011ferinde daha \u00fcr\u00fcn satt\u0131n\u0131z. Y\u0131l i\u00e7indeki toplam sat\u0131\u015f hacminiz 11.000 euro oldu (8.000 + 3.000 = 11.000 euro).<\/p><p><strong>AB ve G\u00f6revler i\u00e7in KDV (VAT) Hesaplama:<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>E\u015fi\u011fi a\u015fmadan \u00f6nce (ilk 6 ay, 8000 euro):<\/strong><\/p><p>1 Temmuz 2021'e kadar AB'de her \u00fclke i\u00e7in uzaktan sat\u0131\u015f e\u015fik sistemi ge\u00e7erliydi. AB d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaysan\u0131z, bu e\u015fikler size <em>uygulanmad\u0131<\/em>. Teorik olarak, KDV, mallar\u0131n ithalat\u0131nda al\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan var\u0131\u015f \u00fclkesinde \u00f6denmeliydi.<\/p><p>Pratikte, Amazon (ve di\u011fer pazar yerleri) genellikle &#8220;arac\u0131&#8221; (&#8220;deemed supplier&#8221;) rol\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcstlenmi\u015f ve bu sat\u0131\u015flardan KDV'yi kendileri toplam\u0131\u015f ve aktarm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r, sat\u0131c\u0131 AB'de KDV ama\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7in kay\u0131tl\u0131 olmasa bile. Bu, belirli bir AB \u00fclkesinin yasalar\u0131na ve \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011ferine ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p><p><strong>E\u015fik a\u015f\u0131ld\u0131ktan ve OSS (Temmuz'dan itibaren, 3000 euro sat\u0131\u015f) uyguland\u0131ktan sonra:<\/strong><\/p><p>1 Temmuz 2021 tarihinden itibaren AB'de uzaktan sat\u0131\u015flarda KDV \u00f6demelerini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in tek pencere sistemi (One-Stop Shop &#8211; OSS) uygulanmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Siz <em>AB<\/em> sakini <em>de\u011filsiniz<\/em>, bu nedenle OSS Union scheme (AB sakinleri i\u00e7in) sistemini <em>kullanamazs\u0131n\u0131z<\/em>.<\/p><p>Bunun yerine <strong>OSS Non-Union scheme<\/strong> (AB d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ki\u015filer i\u00e7in OSS \u015femas\u0131) kullanabilirsiniz. Bu, <em>bir<\/em> AB \u00fclkesinde (en \u00e7ok sat\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z yerde olmak zorunda de\u011fil) KDV i\u00e7in kaydolman\u0131za ve bu tek kay\u0131t arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla <em>di\u011fer<\/em> AB \u00fclkelerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z t\u00fcm sat\u0131\u015flar i\u00e7in rapor vermenize olanak tan\u0131r. KDV, mal\u0131n var\u0131\u015f \u00fclkesinin oran\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00f6denir.<\/p><p><strong>\u00d6nemli!<\/strong> OSS Non-Union \u015femas\u0131na kay\u0131t <em>g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcd\u00fcr<\/em>, ancak prosed\u00fcrlerin basitle\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nerilmektedir.<\/p><p><strong>E\u011fer OSS Non-Union scheme'e <em>kaydolmazsan\u0131z<\/em>:<\/strong> Teorik olarak, KDV, mallar\u0131n ithalat\u0131nda al\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6denmelidir. Ancak pratikte, Amazon (ve di\u011fer pazar yerleri) genellikle &#8220;deemed supplier&#8221; (&#8220;platform tedarik\u00e7isi&#8221;) rol\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcstlenir. Bu, Amazon'un <em>kendisi<\/em> sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zdan KDV'yi toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Avrupa'daki sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 <em>kaydolup kaydolmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131za<\/em> bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n devletti\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir. Amazon, \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn var\u0131\u015f \u00fclkesinin KDV oran\u0131n\u0131 uygulayacakt\u0131r.<\/p><p><strong>Alman sat\u0131c\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma:<\/strong><\/p><p>Alman sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131ndan temel fark, Alman sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n <em>zorunlu<\/em> olarak t\u00fcm AB \u00fclkelerinde toplam sat\u0131\u015f e\u015fi\u011fi 10.000 euroyu a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda OSS Union \u015femas\u0131na kaydolmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fidir. T\u00fcrk sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 (AB d\u0131\u015f\u0131 m\u00fckellef) i\u00e7in OSS Non-Union \u015femas\u0131na kay\u0131t <em>g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcd\u00fcr<\/em>, ancak prosed\u00fcrlerin basitle\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in son derece arzu edilir. T\u00fcrk sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 OSS'ye kaydolmazsa, Amazon muhtemelen yine de &#8220;deemed supplier&#8221; olarak KDV toplayacak ve iletecektir.<\/p><p><strong>T\u00fcrk sat\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7in pratik eylemler:<\/strong><\/p><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>AB'deki sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 takip edin.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>OSS Non-Union \u015femas\u0131nda kay\u0131t olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirin.<\/strong> Bu, raporlama ve KDV \u00f6demelerini kolayla\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r. Kay\u0131t i\u00e7in bir AB \u00fclkesi se\u00e7in (\u00f6rne\u011fin, en fazla sat\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z veya y\u00f6netimin daha kolay oldu\u011fu yer).<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Amazon hesab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun.<\/strong> Amazon'un T\u00fcrkiye'de bulundu\u011funuzu ve AB'ye \u00fcr\u00fcn satt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bilmesi gerekir. Bu, KDV'nin do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde hesaplanmas\u0131 ve toplanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereklidir.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>OSS'ye kaydolmazsan\u0131z, Amazon'un sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zdan KDV'yi kendisinin toplay\u0131p \u00f6deyece\u011fini kabul edin.<\/strong> Bu durumun fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve k\u00e2r\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan emin olun.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Vergi uzman\u0131yla dan\u0131\u015f\u0131n.<\/strong> AB'deki KDV yasalar\u0131 karma\u015f\u0131k ve s\u0131k s\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fiyor. Profesyonel dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k, hatalardan ve cezalardan ka\u00e7\u0131nman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/li><\/ol><h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>OSS\/IOSS \u2014 nelere dikkat edilmeli<\/strong> <\/h5><p>IOSS <em>tavsiye edilir<\/em>, ancak 150 euro'ya kadar olan \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in <em>zorunlu de\u011fildir<\/em>. IOSS olmadan, al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc al\u0131rken ek \u00fccretlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilir, bu da olumsuz yorumlara yol a\u00e7abilir. IOSS kullanm\u0131yorsan\u0131z, genellikle ithalat KDV'si ve g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergileri ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan (\u00f6rne\u011fin, DHL, UPS) \u00f6denir ve ard\u0131ndan al\u0131c\u0131ya (m\u00fc\u015fterinize) fatura edilir.<\/p><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00d6rnek 3: \u0130ngiltere'de Amazon'da sat\u0131\u015f yapmak<\/h4><p>Hadi \u00f6rne\u011fi, T\u00fcrk bir \u015firketin <em>T\u00fcrk \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini<\/em> Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'a Amazon \u00fczerinden satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 duruma uyarlayal\u0131m, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'\u0131n AB'den \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dikkate alarak:<\/p><p><strong>Girdi verileri:<\/strong><\/p><p>Siz T\u00fcrkiye'de (Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'ta de\u011fil) Amazon'da sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p><p>Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'ta bireylere (B2C) \u00fcr\u00fcn sat\u0131yorsunuz.<\/p><p>Amazon'da Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'ta (FBA'y\u0131 Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'ta kullanm\u0131yorsunuz) \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinizi depolam\u0131yorsunuz. \u00dcr\u00fcnleriniz do\u011frudan T\u00fcrkiye'den g\u00f6nderilmektedir.<\/p><p><strong>Durum:<\/strong><\/p><p>Y\u0131l\u0131n ilk 6 ay\u0131nda Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'a toplam 8,000 sterlin (\u00a3) de\u011ferinde \u00fcr\u00fcn satt\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p><p>Temmuz ay\u0131nda 3,000 sterlin (\u00a3) de\u011ferinde daha fazla \u00fcr\u00fcn satt\u0131n\u0131z. Y\u0131l boyunca toplam sat\u0131\u015f hacminiz 11,000 sterlin (\u00a3) oldu (8,000 + 3,000 = 11,000).<\/p><p><strong>Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'ta KDV (VAT) hesaplama ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri:<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>1 Ocak 2021'e kadar (Brexit'ten \u00f6nce):<\/strong> Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k, AB \u00fcyesiydi ve daha \u00f6nce AB'deki sat\u0131\u015flar i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131klanan kurallara benzer kurallar ge\u00e7erliydi (Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k i\u00e7in uzaktan sat\u0131\u015f e\u015fi\u011fi ile).<\/p><p><strong>1 Ocak 2021'den itibaren (Brexit'ten sonra):<\/strong> Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k, ithal edilen mallar i\u00e7in yeni bir VAT sistemi getirdi:<\/p><p><strong>\u00a3135'e kadar olan \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in:<\/strong><\/p><p>\u0130thalat i\u00e7in muaf KDV e\u015fi\u011fi (\u00a315, daha \u00f6nce ge\u00e7erli olan) iptal edildi.<\/p><p>Amazon (ve di\u011fer \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i pazar yerleri) &#8220;deemed supplier&#8221; (&#8220;platform tedarik\u00e7isi&#8221;) rol\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcstlenir. Bu, Amazon'un <em>zorunda<\/em> oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir, bu sat\u0131\u015flardan \u0130ngiltere VAT'sini <em>sat\u0131c\u0131 yerine<\/em> toplamak ve iletmek.<\/p><p>T\u00fcrk \u015firketinin <em>VAT<\/em> amac\u0131yla Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'ta kay\u0131t olmas\u0131 <em>gerekmez<\/em>, e\u011fer yaln\u0131zca \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i pazar yeri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00a3135'e kadar olan \u00fcr\u00fcnleri sat\u0131yorsa.<\/p><p>Amazon, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'ta ge\u00e7erli olan KDV oran\u0131n\u0131 uygular (standart &#8211; %20, indirimli &#8211; %5 ve %0).<\/p><p><strong>\u00a3135 \u00fczerindeki \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in:<\/strong><\/p><p>KDV ve g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergileri, genellikle <em>al\u0131c\u0131<\/em> taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'a ithalat\u0131nda \u00f6denir.<\/p><p>Ancak Amazon, bu \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in VAT ve g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergilerinin toplanmas\u0131 ve aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 hizmetleri sunabilir (belirli bir anla\u015fman\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131na ve sat\u0131c\u0131 hesab\u0131n\u0131n ayarlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r).<\/p><p>Amazon <em>vergileri<\/em> ve g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergilerini toplamazsa, al\u0131c\u0131 bunlar\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn teslim al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6demek zorunda kalacakt\u0131r (bu da gecikmelere ve rahats\u0131zl\u0131klara yol a\u00e7abilir).<\/p><p>T\u00fcrk \u015firketinin <em>kayd\u0131 gerekmiyor<\/em> Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'ta VAT ama\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7in, e\u011fer t\u00fcm sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'a VAT toplayan bir pazaryeri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriliyorsa (\u00f6rne\u011fin, \u00a3135'e kadar \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in Amazon gibi).<\/p><p><strong>T\u00fcrk \u015firketi Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'ta \u00fcr\u00fcnleri depoluyorsa (\u00f6rne\u011fin, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'ta FBA kullan\u0131yorsa):<\/strong> Bu durumda \u015firket <em>VAT<\/em> amac\u0131yla Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'ta kaydolmak <em>zorundad\u0131r<\/em>, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin de\u011ferinden <em>ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak<\/em> ve <em>ilk sat\u0131\u015ftan itibaren<\/em>. Kendisi Britanya <em>VAT<\/em>&#8216;\u0131n\u0131 hesaplayacak, toplayacak ve \u00f6deyecektir.<\/p><p><strong>Hesaplama \u00f6rne\u011fi (\u00a3135'e kadar \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in):<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Diyelim ki, T\u00fcrk \u015firketi Amazon'da Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'a \u00a3100 (VAT hari\u00e7) \u00fcr\u00fcn sat\u0131yor.<\/li>\n\n<li>Amazon fiyata %20 KDV ekliyor (\u00a320).<\/li>\n\n<li>M\u00fc\u015fteri \u00a3120 \u00f6d\u00fcyor.<\/li>\n\n<li>Amazon, HMRC'ye (Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k vergi dairesi) 20 \u00a3 g\u00f6nderiyor.<\/li>\n\n<li>T\u00fcrk \u015firketi \u00a3100 al\u0131yor (Amazon komisyonlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra).<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>T\u00fcrk \u015firketi i\u00e7in pratik eylemler:<\/strong><\/p><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Amazon hesab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun.<\/strong> Amazon'un T\u00fcrkiye'de bulundu\u011funuzu ve Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'a \u00fcr\u00fcn satt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bilmesi gerekir. Bu, KDV'nin do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde hesaplanmas\u0131 ve toplanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereklidir.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u00a3135'e kadar \u00fcr\u00fcn sat\u0131yorsan\u0131z:<\/strong> Muhtemelen VAT ile ilgili herhangi bir ek i\u015flem yapman\u0131za gerek kalmayacak. Amazon, VAT'yi kendisi toplayacak ve iletecektir.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u00a3135'tan fazla \u00fcr\u00fcn sat\u0131yorsan\u0131z:<\/strong> Amazon'un bu sat\u0131\u015flardan VAT ve g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi toplay\u0131p toplamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtin. E\u011fer Amazon VAT toplam\u0131yorsa, al\u0131c\u0131lara \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini al\u0131rken VAT ve vergileri \u00f6demeleri gerekebilece\u011fini bildirin.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'ta (FBA) \u00fcr\u00fcn depoluyorsan\u0131z:<\/strong> VAT i\u00e7in Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'ta <em>kaydolmak zorundas\u0131n\u0131z<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Yasada yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri takip edin.<\/strong> Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'taki VAT kurallar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015febilir.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Vergi uzman\u0131yla dan\u0131\u015f\u0131n.<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><p><strong>Almanya \u00f6rne\u011finden (AB'deki sat\u0131\u015flar) temel farklar:<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>OSS Yok:<\/strong> Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k, AB'den ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in One-Stop Shop (OSS) sistemi ona uygulanmamaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u00a3135 e\u015fi\u011fi:<\/strong> \u00a3135'e kadar olan \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in, do\u011frudan al\u0131c\u0131ya g\u00f6nderilen, Amazon &#8220;deemed supplier&#8221; olarak hareket eder ve KDV'yi kendisi toplar ve \u00f6der.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>G\u00fcmr\u00fck vergileri:<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye'den Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k'a mal ithalat\u0131nda g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergileri (VAT'e ek olarak) al\u0131nabilir.<\/li><\/ul><p>Bu \u00f6rnek genel bir fikir vermektedir. Her zaman, belirli durumunuza uygulanabilir ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in bir uzmana dan\u0131\u015fmak daha iyidir.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/3.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">G\u00fcmr\u00fck kayd\u0131 (EORI)<\/h3><p>EORI numaras\u0131 <em>herhangi<\/em> bir g\u00fcmr\u00fck i\u015flemi i\u00e7in gereklidir \u2014 hem ithalat hem de ihracat i\u00e7in (\u00f6rne\u011fin, e\u011fer \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc tedarik\u00e7iye AB d\u0131\u015f\u0131na iade ediyorsan\u0131z).<\/p><p>EORI alma s\u00fcreci genellikle birka\u00e7 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00fcrer. \u00d6nemli olan, EORI'yi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin g\u00fcmr\u00fck i\u015flemlerine ba\u015flamadan <em>\u00f6nce<\/em> alman\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/3.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">AB Uygunluk Beyan\u0131 &nbsp;(EU Declaration of Conformity)<\/h3><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/ce-declaration-600.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><\/div><p>T\u00fcccar\u0131n, \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u00fcm AB mevzuat\u0131na uygun oldu\u011funu beyan eden bu beyannameye sahip olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu beyannameyi <em>\u00fcretici<\/em> (veya \u00fcretici AB d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaysa, AB'deki yetkili temsilcisi) haz\u0131rlar.<\/p><p>Amazon, bir ticaret platformu olarak, kendi platformlar\u0131nda sat\u0131lan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin AB mevzuat\u0131na uygun olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakla belirli bir sorumlulu\u011fa sahiptir. Bu nedenle Amazon&nbsp;<em>sat\u0131c\u0131dan<\/em>&nbsp;a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki durumlarda uygunluk beyan\u0131 (ve uygunlu\u011fu kan\u0131tlayan di\u011fer belgeler) talep edebilir:<\/p><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u00dcr\u00fcn kategorisi:<\/strong>&nbsp;CE i\u015fareti gerektiren direktiflere tabi \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in (\u00f6rne\u011fin, oyuncaklar, elektronik, t\u0131bbi cihazlar, ki\u015fisel koruyucu ekipman), Amazon'un uyum beyan\u0131 talep etme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksektir.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u015eikayetler ve denetimler:<\/strong>&nbsp;E\u011fer \u00fcr\u00fcnle ilgili m\u00fc\u015fterilerden g\u00fcvenlik veya kalite ile ilgili \u015fikayetler gelirse veya denetim otoriteleri taraf\u0131ndan denetimler yap\u0131l\u0131rsa, Amazon, \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ger\u00e7ekten gerekliliklere uygun oldu\u011funu do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in bir uyum beyan\u0131 talep edebilir.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Rastgele se\u00e7im:<\/strong>&nbsp;Amazon, sat\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n rastgele denetimlerini yapabilir ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin uygunlu\u011funu kan\u0131tlayan belgeler talep edebilir, hatta \u015fikayet veya \u015f\u00fcphe olmasa bile.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Amazon Transparency Program\u0131:<\/strong>&nbsp;E\u011fer Amazon Transparency program\u0131na (sahtecilikle m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in) kat\u0131l\u0131yorsan\u0131z, her bir \u00fcr\u00fcn birimi i\u00e7in benzersiz kodlar sa\u011flaman\u0131z gerekecek ve Amazon, \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn men\u015fei ve otantik oldu\u011funu do\u011frulayan belgeleri, uyum beyan\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere talep edebilir.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Liste olu\u015ftururken:<\/strong>&nbsp;Baz\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn kategorilerinde, \u00fcr\u00fcn kart\u0131 (listing) olu\u015ftururken, Amazon hemen uyum beyan\u0131 y\u00fcklemenizi talep edebilir. Bu, &#8220;Compliance&#8221;, &#8220;Safety and Compliance&#8221; veya benzeri bir sekme olabilir (Amazon s\u00fcrekli aray\u00fcz\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftiriyor). Seller Central'da, \u00fcr\u00fcn uyumunu y\u00f6netmeye adanm\u0131\u015f bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm veya ayr\u0131 bir ara\u00e7 &#8211; <strong>Uyum Merkezi (Compliance Center):<\/strong> bulunmaktad\u0131r. Burada \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinizle ilgili gereksinimleri g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyebilir, belgeleri y\u00fckleyebilir ve inceleme durumunu takip edebilirsiniz.<\/li><\/ol><p><strong>Deklarasyonu Sertifika ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131n:<\/strong>&nbsp;Uygunluk deklarasyonu bir&nbsp;<em>sertifika<\/em>&nbsp;de\u011fildir. Deklarasyonu \u00fcretici haz\u0131rlar, sertifikay\u0131 ise&nbsp;<em>ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z<\/em>&nbsp;sertifikasyon organ\u0131 verir (e\u011fer gerekiyorsa).<\/p><p>Amazon'da Avrupa'da i\u015f yapmaya ilgi duydu\u011funuz i\u00e7in, Avrupa'n\u0131n ka\u011f\u0131t b\u00fcrokrasisine zihinsel ve organizasyonel olarak dalmaya haz\u0131r olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Beyanname d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin Avrupa Birli\u011fi gerekliliklerine uygunlu\u011funu kan\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in ba\u015fka belgeler de gerekebilir.<\/p><p>Avrupa gereksinimlerini daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 inceleyelim.<\/p><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Teknik dosya (Technical File \/ Technical Documentation)<\/h4><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/ce.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><p><strong>Ne ile ilgilidir:<\/strong>&nbsp;CE i\u015fareti gerektiren&nbsp;<em>Yeni Yakla\u015f\u0131m direktifleri<\/em> kapsam\u0131na giren \u00fcr\u00fcnler. Bu, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmamakla birlikte, geni\u015f bir \u00fcr\u00fcn yelpazesini i\u00e7erir:<\/p><p>Oyuncaklar<\/p><p>Elektrik ekipmanlar\u0131 (d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck voltaj ve elektromanyetik uyumluluk)<\/p><p>Makinalar ve mekanizmalar<\/p><p>Bireysel koruma ekipmanlar\u0131<\/p><p>T\u0131bbi cihazlar<\/p><p>\u0130n\u015faat \u00fcr\u00fcnleri<\/p><p>Radyo ekipmanlar\u0131<\/p><p>Baz\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm cihazlar\u0131<\/p><p><strong>Bu nedir:<\/strong>&nbsp;Bu&nbsp;<em>belge seti<\/em>, \u00fcr\u00fcn hakk\u0131nda, tasar\u0131m\u0131, \u00fcretimi, testleri ve AB gerekliliklerine uygunluk de\u011ferlendirmesi hakk\u0131nda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7eren bir belgedir. Bu&nbsp;<em>sat\u0131c\u0131lara<\/em>&nbsp;veya kamuya a\u00e7\u0131k olarak sunulmaz, \u00fcretici (veya yetkili temsilci) taraf\u0131ndan saklan\u0131r ve yaln\u0131zca&nbsp;<em>denetim otoritelerinin talebi \u00fczerine<\/em>&nbsp;sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p><p><strong>Neden gereklidir:<\/strong>&nbsp;Teknik dosya, \u00fcreticinin gerekli t\u00fcm uygunluk de\u011ferlendirme prosed\u00fcrlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011finin ve \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ger\u00e7ekten g\u00fcvenli oldu\u011funun ve gerekliliklere uygun oldu\u011funun kan\u0131t\u0131 olarak hizmet eder.<\/p><p><strong>\u0130\u00e7erik:<\/strong>&nbsp;Teknik dosyan\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi belirli bir direktife ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterebilir, ancak genellikle \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:<\/p><p>\u00dcr\u00fcnlerin genel tan\u0131m\u0131.<\/p><p>Yap\u0131m ve \u00fcretim belgeleri (\u00e7izimler, \u015femalar, spesifikasyonlar).<\/p><p>Uygulanan harmonize standartlar\u0131n (veya di\u011fer teknik spesifikasyonlar\u0131n) a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131.<\/p><p>Deney ve hesaplama sonu\u00e7lar\u0131.<\/p><p>Risk de\u011ferlendirme protokolleri.<\/p><p>Kullan\u0131m k\u0131lavuzlar\u0131.<\/p><p>Uygunluk beyan\u0131n\u0131n bir kopyas\u0131.<\/p><p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong>&nbsp;Basit bir \u00e7ocuk oyunca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in teknik dosya, karma\u015f\u0131k bir end\u00fcstriyel makineye g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve basit olacakt\u0131r.<\/p><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">REACH Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi (EC) No 1907\/2006<\/h4><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/reach-training-header-300.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><p> <strong>Ne ile ilgilidir:<\/strong>&nbsp;Neredeyse&nbsp;<em>t\u00fcm<\/em>&nbsp;\u00fcr\u00fcn t\u00fcrlerine, i\u00e7inde kimyasal maddeler bulunan. Bunlar \u015funlar olabilir:<\/p><p>Tekstil (boyalar, emprenye maddeleri)<\/p><p>Plastik (katk\u0131lar, plastifiyanlar)<\/p><p>Kozmetik (ingredients)<\/p><p>Temizlik \u00fcr\u00fcnleri<\/p><p>Boyalar ve vernikler<\/p><p>Oyuncaklar<\/p><p>Elektronik (lehmler, kaplamalar)<\/p><p>Metal \u00fcr\u00fcnler<\/p><p>Hatta mobilya (glue, coatings).<\/p><p><strong>Bu nedir:<\/strong>&nbsp;Bu, kimyasal maddelerin dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen \u00e7ok kapsaml\u0131 ve karma\u015f\u0131k bir AB d\u00fczenlemesidir. \u00dcreticilerin ve ithalat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n, y\u0131lda 1 tonun \u00fczerinde miktarlarda \u00fcrettikleri veya AB'ye ithal ettikleri kimyasal maddeleri&nbsp;<em>kaydetmelerini<\/em>&nbsp;gerektirir. \u0130lk bak\u0131\u015fta, bu d\u00fczenlemenin yaln\u0131zca \u00fcr\u00fcn olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in kimyasal bile\u015fenlerin toptan tedarikine ili\u015fkin oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Ancak durum o kadar basit de\u011fil. Kurallardan \u00e7e\u015fitli istisnalar vard\u0131r ve kozmetik, temizlik \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, plastik gibi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerdeki bile\u015fenlerin bu d\u00fczenlemenin kapsam\u0131na girmesi olduk\u00e7a m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p><p>Baz\u0131 \u00f6zellikle tehlikeli maddeler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in bir <em>izin<\/em> gereklidir. Ayr\u0131ca REACH, baz\u0131 maddelerin kullan\u0131m\u0131na <em>k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar<\/em> getirir.<\/p><p><strong>Neden gereklidir:<\/strong>&nbsp;REACH, insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7evreyi kimyasal maddelerle ilgili risklerden korumay\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p><strong>Sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong>&nbsp;E\u011fer AB d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00fcr\u00fcn ithal ediyorsan\u0131z, REACH gerekliliklerine uyum sa\u011flamakla sorumlusunuz. Avrupa tedarik\u00e7isinden \u00fcr\u00fcn sat\u0131n alsan\u0131z bile, ondan REACH gerekliliklerine uygunluk bilgisi talep etmenizde&nbsp;<em>fayda var<\/em>.<\/p><p>\u00dcr\u00fcnlerinizde, kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in&nbsp;<em>s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131<\/em>&nbsp;olan maddelerin bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin (REACH Ek XVII).<\/p><p>\u00dcr\u00fcnlerde, kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in izin gerektiren maddelerin bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin (REACH'in Ek XIV'\u00fc). E\u011fer bulunuyorsa, bunlar\u0131 kullanamazs\u0131n\u0131z, e\u011fer sizin (veya tedarik\u00e7inizin) ge\u00e7erli bir izni yoksa.<\/p><p>E\u011fer y\u0131lda 1 tondan fazla miktarda maddeleri veya kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin, boyalar, yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar) ithal ediyorsan\u0131z, bunlar\u0131&nbsp;<em>kaydetmeniz<\/em> gerekmektedir.<\/p><p>M\u00fc\u015fterilerine kimyasal maddelerin g\u00fcvenli kullan\u0131m\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi sa\u011flamak (tehlikeli maddeler ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenlik veri sayfalar\u0131 (SDS) \u015feklinde).<\/p><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">RoHS Direktifi 2011\/65\/EU<\/h4><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/rohs-1.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><p><strong>Ne ile ilgilidir:<\/strong>&nbsp;Elektrik ve elektronik ekipman\u0131na&nbsp;<em>(EEO)<\/em>&nbsp;aittir, \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:<\/p><p>Ev aletleri<\/p><p>IT ve telekom\u00fcnikasyon ekipmanlar\u0131<\/p><p>T\u00fcketici elektroni\u011fi<\/p><p>Ayd\u0131nlatma ekipmanlar\u0131<\/p><p>Elektrikli aletler<\/p><p>Oyuncaklar, bo\u015f zaman ve spor ekipmanlar\u0131 (e\u011fer elektronik bile\u015fenler i\u00e7eriyorsa)<\/p><p>T\u0131bbi cihazlar (istisnalarla birlikte)<\/p><p>Kontrol ve y\u00f6netim cihazlar\u0131<\/p><p>Otomatik dispenserler<\/p><p><strong>Bu nedir:<\/strong>&nbsp;Y\u00f6nerge, belirli&nbsp;<em>tehlikeli maddelerin<\/em>&nbsp;\u0130EE'deki i\u00e7eri\u011fini s\u0131n\u0131rlamaktad\u0131r:<\/p><p>Kur\u015fun (Pb)<\/p><p>C\u0131va (Hg)<\/p><p>Kadmiyum (Cd)<\/p><p>Alt\u0131 de\u011ferlikli krom (Cr(VI))<\/p><p>Polibromlu bifeniller (PBB)<\/p><p>Polibromlu difenil eterler (PBDE)<\/p><p>Di(2-etilheksil)ftalat (DEHP), Butilbenzilftalat (BBP), Dibuftalat (DBP) ve Diizobutilftalat (DIBP)<\/p><p><strong>Neden gereklidir:<\/strong>&nbsp;RoHS, tehlikeli maddelerin insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7evre \u00fczerindeki zararl\u0131 etkilerini azaltmay\u0131 ve EEE at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p><strong>Sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00dcr\u00fcnlerinizdeki s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 maddelerin i\u00e7eri\u011finin, kabul edilebilir s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 a\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun (genellikle homojen malzeme i\u00e7in %0,1, kadmiyum i\u00e7in %0,01). <\/p><p>Uygunluk de\u011ferlendirmesi yapmak ve uygunluk beyan\u0131 d\u00fczenlemek (RoHS dahil).<\/p><p>CE i\u015fareti uygulamak (bu, ayn\u0131 zamanda, RoHS uyumunu da i\u00e7erir).<\/p><p>RoHS uyumlulu\u011funu kan\u0131tlayan teknik belgeleri saklay\u0131n.<\/p><p><strong>Ba\u011flant\u0131:<\/strong><\/p><p>T\u00fcm bu gereklilikler (teknik dosya, REACH, RoHS) AB'de \u00fcr\u00fcn g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flama sisteminin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 anda ayn\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcne uygulanabilirler. \u00d6rne\u011fin, e\u011fer bir elektronik oyuncak sat\u0131yorsan\u0131z, oyuncak g\u00fcvenli\u011fi direktifinin gerekliliklerine (ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla uygunluk beyan\u0131na ve muhtemelen teknik dosyaya) uymas\u0131, RoHS gerekliliklerine (tehlikeli maddelerin i\u00e7eri\u011fi) ve muhtemelen REACH gerekliliklerine (malzemelerin kimyasal bile\u015fimi) uymas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/5.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ambalaj gereksinimlerine uygunluk ve Geni\u015fletilmi\u015f \u00dcretici Sorumlulu\u011fu (G\u00dcS)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/rop.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><p>AB <em>her<\/em> AB \u00fclkesi, son t\u00fcketicilere (B2C) y\u00f6nelik ambalajda \u00fcr\u00fcn sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, geni\u015fletilmi\u015f \u00fcretici sorumlulu\u011fu (EPR) gerekliliklerini yerine getirmek zorundas\u0131n\u0131z.<br> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Bu, ilgili sistemlerde kay\u0131t olmay\u0131 ve \u00e7evresel \u00fccretleri \u00f6demeyi gerektirir.<br> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong>Sistem \u00f6rnekleri:<\/strong><br> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&#8211; <strong>Almanya:<\/strong> LUCID Packaging Register (ZSVR arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kay\u0131t).<br> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&#8211; <strong>Polonya:<\/strong> BDO (Baza Danych o Produktach i Opakowaniach oraz o Gospodarce Odpadami).<br> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&#8211; <strong>\u0130spanya:<\/strong> Registro de Productores de Producto, entegre y\u00f6netim sistemlerinden (SIG) birine kat\u0131lma \u2013 Ecoembes, Ecovidrio vb.<br> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&#8211; <strong>Fransa:<\/strong> CITEO<br> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ve AB'nin her \u00fclkesi i\u00e7in devam eder.<br> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Kay\u0131t genellikle \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i olup, \u015firket kayd\u0131 belgeleri gereklidir.<br> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong>Not:<\/strong><br> &#8211; E\u011fer siz <em>yeniden sat\u0131yorsan\u0131z<\/em> ve \u00fcr\u00fcnler <em>AB'de<\/em> \u00fcretilmi\u015fse ve <em>ba\u015fka \u00fclkelere<\/em> ithalat yapm\u0131yorsan\u0131z, <em>genellikle<\/em> EPR sistemlerinde kay\u0131t olman\u0131z gerekmez. Ancak, tedarik\u00e7inizin (\u00fcreticinin) y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini yerine getirdi\u011finden emin olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<br> &#8211; E\u011fer AB\/\u0130ngiltere d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00fcr\u00fcn <em>ithal ediyorsan\u0131z<\/em>, her sat\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00fclkede EPR sistemlerinde <em>her zaman<\/em> kay\u0131t olman\u0131z gerekmektedir.<br> &#8211; E\u011fer <em>bir AB \u00fclkesinden di\u011ferine uzaktan sat\u0131\u015f yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z<\/em>, \u00fcreticinin <em>var\u0131\u015f \u00fclkesindeki<\/em> EPR y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini yerine getirip getirmedi\u011fine bakmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. E\u011fer yerine getirmiyorsa, kay\u0131t olman\u0131z gerekecektir.<br> &#8211; E\u011fer \u00fcr\u00fcnleri <em>kendi markan\u0131zla<\/em> sat\u0131yorsan\u0131z, <em>her zaman<\/em> EPR sistemlerinde kay\u0131t olman\u0131z gerekmektedir (veya \u00fcretici ile bir anla\u015fma yapmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z, ancak sorumluluk sizde kal\u0131r).<br> <strong>Raporlama:<\/strong><br> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Dola\u015f\u0131ma sokulan ambalaj miktar\u0131 ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flama hakk\u0131nda d\u00fczenli olarak raporlar sunun (ambalaj geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm organizasyonlar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla veya izin verilirse kendiniz).<br> <strong>\u00c7evresel \u00fccretlerin \u00f6denmesi:<\/strong><br> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Belirlenen tarifelere g\u00f6re \u00e7evresel \u00fccretleri \u00f6deyin.<br>Unutmay\u0131n \u2014 G\u00dcS gerekliliklerine uyulmamas\u0131 durumunda \u00f6nemli cezalar \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p><p>Paket \u00fczerindeki semboller &#8211; G\u00dcS sistemlerinde kay\u0131t olman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, pakete uygun semboller (\u00f6rne\u011fin, &#8220;Ye\u015fil Nokta&#8221;, &#8220;M\u00f6bius \u00dc\u00e7geni&#8221; ve ambalaj malzemesinin belirtilmesi) eklenmelidir.<\/p><p>Paket a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn beyan\u0131 &#8211; G\u00dcS sistemleri i\u00e7in raporlarda ambalaj malzemelerinin (plastik, ka\u011f\u0131t, cam vb.) a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde beyan etmek gerekmektedir.<\/p><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">WEEE Direktifi<\/h4><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/weee-en_2.webp\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><p>WEEE Direktifi \u2014 e\u011fer elektronik \u00fcr\u00fcn sat\u0131yorsan\u0131z, Elektrikli ve Elektronik Ekipman At\u0131klar\u0131 (WEEE) ile ilgili 2012\/19\/EU Direktifi'nin gerekliliklerini dikkate alman\u0131z gerekir.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/6.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di\u011fer gereksinimler<\/h3><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">AB'de T\u00fcketici Haklar\u0131 Korumas\u0131<\/h4><p>\u0130ptal hakk\u0131 \u2014 t\u00fcketici, \u00e7o\u011fu \u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7in neden g\u00f6stermeksizin 14 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde sat\u0131n almaktan vazge\u00e7me hakk\u0131na sahiptir.<\/p><p>Garanti \u2014 AB'deki \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in minimum garanti s\u00fcresi 2 y\u0131ld\u0131r.<\/p><p>\u00dcr\u00fcn bilgisi &#8211; tam, do\u011fru ve \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkenin dilinde olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p><p>\u015eikayetlerin incelenmesi &#8211; net ve etkili bir mekanizma olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GDPR \u2014 ki\u015fisel verilerin korunmas\u0131.<\/h4><p>Gizlilik politikas\u0131 \u2014 sitede, m\u00fc\u015fterilerin ki\u015fisel verilerinin nas\u0131l topland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, i\u015flendi\u011fini ve korundu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klayan bir politika yer almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p><p>Veri i\u015fleme izni &#8211; al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 almak gereklidir.<\/p><p>Veri s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 bildirimi &#8211; s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 durumunda, denetim organ\u0131n\u0131 ve etkilenen ki\u015fileri bilgilendirmek gerekmektedir.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/dpo.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><p>DPO (Data Protection Officer) atamas\u0131 baz\u0131 durumlarda gerekli olabilir.<\/p><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GPSR &#8211; \u00dcr\u00fcn G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Genel Y\u00f6nergesi<\/h4><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/gpsr-200.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><p>13 Aral\u0131k 2024 tarihinden itibaren, Avrupa Birli\u011fi'nde faaliyet g\u00f6steren sat\u0131c\u0131lara yeni y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler getiren Genel \u00dcr\u00fcn G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi (GPSR) y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. Bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler \u00f6ncelikle g\u0131da d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnleri kapsamaktad\u0131r ve sat\u0131c\u0131lardan s\u0131k\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik standartlar\u0131na uymalar\u0131n\u0131 ve yeni bilgi y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini yerine getirmelerini talep etmektedir.<\/p><p>\u00dcr\u00fcn uyumu: T\u00fcm g\u0131da d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnler, GPSR g\u00fcvenlik standartlar\u0131na uymal\u0131d\u0131r (ancak, ila\u00e7lar gibi di\u011fer d\u00fczenleyici belgelerle d\u00fczenlenen bir istisnalar listesi vard\u0131r).<\/p><p>Sorumlu ki\u015fi: Sat\u0131c\u0131lar, AB'de bir sorumlu ki\u015fi atamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr (<em>bununla ilgili daha fazla bilgiye Amazon Ticaret Kursumuzda ula\u015fabilirsiniz)<\/em>.<\/p><p>Dok\u00fcmantasyon: Gerekli uygunluk beyan\u0131, teknik dok\u00fcmantasyon ve kullan\u0131m k\u0131lavuzlar\u0131.<\/p><p>Markalama: \u00dcr\u00fcn, \u00fcretici bilgilerini, parti numaralar\u0131n\u0131 ve sat\u0131\u015f \u00fclkesinin dilinde uyar\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7ermelidir.<\/p><p>Amazon'da bilgi g\u00fcncellemesi: Sat\u0131c\u0131lar, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin sayfalar\u0131na (listelerine) bir g\u00fcvenlik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc eklemeli ve sorumlu bir ki\u015fi atamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di\u011fer gereksinimler<\/h4><p><strong>\u0130zlenebilirlik<\/strong> (g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7in) \u2014 g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin k\u00f6kenini, bile\u015fimini, saklama ve ta\u015f\u0131ma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 takip edebilme imkan\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. G\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ile ilgili genel gereklilikler, Avrupa Birli\u011fi Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi No. 178\/2002'de tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><p><strong>\u00dcr\u00fcn Sorumluluk Sigortas\u0131<\/strong> (Product Liability Insurance) \u2014 Amazon, ayl\u0131k cirosu 10000$'\u0131 a\u015fan sat\u0131c\u0131lardan sigorta yapt\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 talep etmektedir. Baz\u0131 sat\u0131c\u0131lar, \u00fcr\u00fcn kategorisine ve olas\u0131 risklerin ki\u015fisel de\u011ferlendirmelerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bu e\u015fi\u011fe kadar sigorta yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 tercih etmektedir. (<em>bununla ilgili daha fazla bilgiye Amazon Ticaret Kursumuzda ula\u015fabilirsiniz)<\/em>.<\/p><p><strong>Kalite Sertifikalar\u0131<\/strong> \u2014 baz\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn kategorileri i\u00e7in ek sertifikalar gerekebilir (\u00f6rne\u011fin, g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7in organik sertifikalar).<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/7.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Amazon'da Ticaretin Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<\/h3><p>K\u0131sa bir \u015fekilde &#8220;Avrupa'da Amazon'da nas\u0131l sat\u0131\u015f yap\u0131l\u0131r&#8221; s\u00fcrecinin b\u00fcrokratik k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 inceledik. \u015eimdi ikinci a\u015famaya ge\u00e7elim.<\/p><p>T\u00fcm gerekli belgeleri toplad\u0131ktan sonra, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinizi listeye eklemeye ba\u015flayabilirsiniz. Bu art\u0131k belirli bir \u00fclkeye ba\u011fl\u0131 olmayan teknik bir konudur (<em>bununla ilgili daha fazla bilgiye Amazon Ticaret Kursumuzda ula\u015fabilirsiniz<\/em>). A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki konularda bilgi sahibi olmal\u0131 veya devretmek i\u00e7in birini bulmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z:<\/p><p>Liste olu\u015fturma.<\/p><p>Anahtar kelime se\u00e7imi.<\/p><p>Sat\u0131\u015f metinleri yazma.<\/p><p>Kaliteli foto\u011fraflar ve videolar olu\u015fturma.<\/p><p>T\u00fcm gerekli \u00fcr\u00fcn niteliklerinin doldurulmas\u0131.<\/p><p>Amazon arama motorlar\u0131 i\u00e7in liste optimizasyonu (SEO).<\/p><p>A+ i\u00e7erik olu\u015fturma (markal\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in).<\/p><p>Stok y\u00f6netimi &#8211; stok seviyelerini d\u00fczenli olarak izleyin ve zaman\u0131nda yenileyin.<\/p><p>Sipari\u015f i\u015fleme \u2014 sipari\u015fleri h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde i\u015fleyin ve \u00fcr\u00fcnleri m\u00fc\u015fterilere g\u00f6nderin.<\/p><p>Geri bildirimlerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma &#8211; geri bildirimleri takip edin ve onlara yan\u0131t verin, olumlu geri bildirimleri te\u015fvik edin, olumsuzlarla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n.<\/p><p>Reklam &#8211; Amazon'daki reklam ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131n (Sponsored Products, Sponsored Brands, Sponsored Display).<\/p><p>Analitik \u2014 d\u00fczenli olarak sat\u0131\u015f sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 analiz edin ve d\u00fczeltmeler yap\u0131n.<\/p><p>Amazon tariflerini, \u00f6zellikle FBA'y\u0131 anlamak ve takip etmek \u00f6nemlidir; depodaki &#8220;hava&#8221; \u00fccreti g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilebilir, sonraki de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131labilir ve beklenmedik masraflar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Avrupa'da ticaretin en basit yolu<\/h3><p><mark style=\"background-color:#dff691\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">AB i\u00e7inde bir \u00fcr\u00fcn sat\u0131n alma \u015femas\u0131 \u2014 <em>\u00e7ok daha basit<\/em>, AB d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan ithalat yapmaktan. Ancak, bu durumda bile, sat\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fcvenilir bir tedarik\u00e7i se\u00e7me, belgeleri kontrol etme, vergi kayd\u0131, Amazon kurallar\u0131na uyma, t\u00fcketici haklar\u0131n\u0131 koruma ve GDPR ile ilgili sorumlulu\u011fu \u00fcstlenmektedir. Ve baz\u0131 durumlarda, sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fletilmi\u015f sorumlulu\u011fu.<\/mark><\/p><p>E\u011fer bu ve di\u011fer <strong>Amazon'da sat\u0131\u015f, e\u011fitim<\/strong> konular\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi almak istiyorsan\u0131z, iyi bir yol gerekli bilgileri edinmektir.<\/p><p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Amazon'da ticaret hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinin, \u00f6zel kursumuzda:<\/strong><\/p><div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-1 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\"><div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/tr\/\" style=\"background-color:#00a60d\">&#8220;Amazon'da \u0130\u015f&#8221; Kursu<\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/tr\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amazon.trening.center\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/11\/m006.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div><p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Amazon Avrupa&#8217;da sat\u0131\u015f yapmak i\u00e7in gerekenler Amazon&#8217;da yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na sat\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in bir ma\u011faza kaydetmeden \u00f6nce \u015funlar\u0131 yapmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z: &#8211; \u00fcr\u00fcnle ilgili karar vermek, hangi i\u015f modeliyle ticaret yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 belirlemek; &#8211; hangi \u00fclkelere sat\u0131lacak (ana pazar neresi, ayn\u0131 Amazon platformunda kaydolmak i\u00e7in); &#8211; nerede \u00fcr\u00fcn sat\u0131n alacaks\u0131n\u0131z (T\u00fcrk \u00fcr\u00fcnleri satacaks\u0131n\u0131z, \u00c7in&#8217;den ithal edeceksiniz veya \u00f6rne\u011fin Almanya&#8217;da, AB&#8217;de \u00fcretilen [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"saved_in_kubio":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-346","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"kubio_ai_page_context":{"short_desc":"","purpose":"general"},"rankMath":{"parentDomain":"amazon.trening.center","noFollowDomains":[],"noFollowExcludeDomains":[],"noFollowExternalLinks":false,"featuredImageNotice":"\u00d6ne \u00e7\u0131kan g\u00f6rsel, Facebook ve di\u011fer sosyal medya siteleri taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nabilmesi i\u00e7in en az 200 x 200 piksel 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